The King presided over the formal ceremony for the 2023 Rei Jaume I Prizes, held, as every year, at the Lonja de los Mercaderes building in the city of Valencia.
This year’s winners were Antonio Echavarren Pablos in Basic Research, Olympia Bover Hidiroglu in Economics, Guillermina López-Bendito in Biomedical Research, Carlota Escutia Dotti in Environmental Protection, Daniel Maspoch Comamala in New Technologies and Alfonso Jiménez Rodríguez-Vila in the Entrepreneur category, who were presented with the medal by King Felipe VI, accrediting them as winners in their respective categories.
Institutional speeches
The Mayor of Valencia, María José Catalá, emphasised the importance of science, research and entrepreneurship for society: “We must kindle hope and create opportunities; that is what science and research represent. You are the light of this scientific beacon that is the Valencia Fish Market. Science shows us where to go and which light to follow. We must bring innovation, science and entrepreneurship closer to society, and the City Council will support this objective”, and she stressed that “these awards should serve as an incentive for future generations”.
During his address, the president of the Fundación Valenciana Premios Rei Jaume I, Vicente Boluda, wished to emphasise that “It is crucial that we align strategies between the public and private sectors, and that we recognise that the countries and territories making the most progress are those where public policies are committed to promoting science, research and entrepreneurship, but where, moreover, business leaders are more engaged”. Furthermore, Vicente Boluda thanked King Felipe VI for his unconditional support for the Foundation, of which he is honorary president, and paid tribute to the founder of the awards, Santiago Grisolía: “Our Awards, which are celebrating their 35th anniversary, had Professor Grisolía as their ‘creator’. And thanks to the advocacy, vision and generosity of Don Santiago Grisolía, we have managed to engage a significant number of Nobel laureates, as, each year, around twenty laureates sit on the juries for our awards. It is undoubtedly the largest multidisciplinary gathering of Nobel laureates in the world, and it takes place here in the Comunidad Valenciana, here in Spain.”
For his part, this year’s recipient of the Rei Jaume I Prize for Entrepreneurship, Alfonso Jiménez, was tasked with speaking on behalf of the award winners. After expressing the gratitude of all six on behalf of the award and the recognition, he said: “On behalf of all the award winners, we thank the juries for choosing us from amongst so much talent. This burst of enthusiasm is what has always driven our lives and will continue to do so in the future. I would also like to thank our families for accompanying and supporting us. And to the Foundation for giving us these five days in Valencia.” In his speech, Jiménez highlighted several things shared by this year’s award winners: “I was surprised that all of us – the award winners – share a passion for being a driving force for young people and researchers. We enjoy what we do, which is very important.” And to conclude, the founder of Cascajares emphasised the need to build bridges between science and business, “so that the equation has a multiplier effect”.
For his part, the President of the Generalitat,Carlos Mazón, speaking at these awards for the first time as a senior representative of the Generalitat, said: “Today, we are gathered in this merchants’ exchange by that curiosity and that hope of which Grisolía spoke. People who both promote and bring prestige to the name of this region, and to those who are dedicated to giving us a better tomorrow”. He emphasised that “No one on their own is worth more than the sum of all those who contribute to making a dream or an idea a reality. The jury, a key asset to these awards, the Foundation and all its staff, the sponsors and institutions – they all therefore deserve recognition. That idea from that man is us bringing it to life. In the same way, the achievements of our award winners also belong to the people who have stood by them.”
As is now tradition, the ceremony concluded with the announcement of the call for entries for the 2024 Rei Jaume I Prizes.
This year’s event was once again attended by representatives from civil, political, economic and social spheres, amongst the nearly 400 people who attended the ceremony. Among them were the trustees of the Fundación Premios Rei Jaume I, the members of the juries present, family members and representatives of the collaborating organisations: the IberdrolaSpain Foundation for Environmental Protection, Valencia CityCouncil for New Technologies, Air Liquide Healthcare and CaixaBank for Biomedical Research, and Mercadona, Edem and AVE for the Entrepreneur Prize. In addition, organisations such as the Port Authority of Valencia, Boluda Corporación Marítima, the Council of Chambers of the Comunidad Valenciana, the Banco Santander Foundation, Pavasal, RNB, SPB, the Vectalia Group, CEV, the Provincial Council of Valencia, Logifruit, the Torrecid Foundation, BP, Empresas del Sol, the Alicante Provincial Council, the Segura-Balpa Group, as well as institutional support from the Generalitat Valenciana.
“Spain is a breeding ground for talent, and we have to believe that”
The six winners of the 2023 Rei Jaume I Prizes,Antonio Echavarren Pablos (Basic Research), Olympia Bover Hidiroglu (Economics), Guillermina López-Bendito (Biomedical Research), Carlota Escutia Dotti (Environmental Protection), Daniel Maspoch Comamala (New Technologies) and Alfonso Jiménez Rodríguez-Vila (Entrepreneur) have outlined – first to the media and this afternoon to business leaders, the academic community and the general public – the respective lines of research for which they have been honoured with this award.
A common thread ran through their various speeches: the call for better opportunities for young talent and the criticism that their job security does not extend beyond the age of 45
Basic Research, Economics and Biomedical Research
The winner of the 2023 Rei Jaume I Prize for Basic Research, Antonio Echavarren, holds a PhD in Chemistry from the Autonomous University of Madrid and is Professor of Organic Chemistry at the Autonomous University of Madrid (since 1992, on leave of absence since 2021). He is also a CSIC research professor (on leave of absence since 2004) and Group Leader at the Catalan Institute of Chemical Research (ICIQ).
In his view, “We can make an effort to try to communicate what we do. Chemistry provides a great deal of employment; it is the country’s most important industry. In Tarragona, chemistry is everywhere, producing substances that are beneficial to humankind. We work with gold, which is the final frontier of catalysis; but although it had been reported that there was nothing of interest in the chemistry of gold, it is fantastic for doing many things – it is like a noble metal acid. It is special – the yellow colour is a rarity; there is no other metal like it.”
For Echavarren, “we still believe that new things can be achieved that haven’t been done before. There are theoretical predictions we want to test in our team, such as the idea that gold can react with methane, even to the point of producing petrol.” He also defended his work in the laboratory, saying, “It is very important, because we are training people at the frontier of knowledge, and that is our main output. We have trained more than 200 people, many of whom are now part of the workforce. That is our main achievement, beyond the discoveries themselves, and it justifies the need for Basic Research,” he added.
“All the major problems facing humanity (energy, pollution) are directly or indirectly linked to chemistry. And southern Europe is one of the most important regions for science. In chemistry, we rank seventh worldwide in terms of citations.”
Meanwhile, in the field of economics, Olympia Bover, PhD in Economics and Head of the Department of Structural Analysis, was awarded the 2023 Economics Prize by the jury for her contributions through significant empirical studies of the labour and housing markets and household behaviour. As she explained this morning, “I focus mainly on three things: I produce microeconomic data on individuals and households, I develop methods, and I use the results of this analysis to try to improve the design of economic policies. And one thing that is often overlooked—which sets them apart and enables them to provide answers—is technical knowledge and its application to problems of interest.”
Methods for analysing panel data bring us closer to experimentation and enable us to identify causal relationships at the individual level. The survey’s design has been replicated in other countries; we have thousands of researchers using this data, and it has had an impact on the redistribution of wealth in Spain that was previously unknown. The appropriate use of the data is never obvious, because it is not always readily available; rather, you have to adapt it.”
With regard to inflation, one thing we did was to examine what inflation actually looks like according to household type. Inflation reflects the cost of the shopping basket. What emerges is that, for lower-income households, food and energy account for a much larger proportion of expenditure, meaning that low-income households are bearing the brunt of inflation to a far greater extent. Another example is that when interest rates began to rise, our survey provided detailed information on all loans, including interest rates, the amount of debt and household income, so we were able to… we were able to see the percentage of households that were now spending more than 40 per cent of their income on these costs. In accordance with the provisions of the Code of Good Practice, we were able to assess how this Code could mitigate the situation, as we are familiar with the structure of the debt. So we produced a report on the whole situation and on how the measures set out in the Code of Good Practice could alleviate the impact.
Guillermina López-Benditoholds a PhD in Neuroscience and is a research professor at the CSIC, at the Institute of Neurosciences (CSIC-UMH), and winner of the 2023 Rei Jaume I Prize for Biomedical Research. She states that, “Each of us has 80 million neurons, and we are trying to understand how these neurons are created, how they function and how they connect with one another. Because the master organ of our body is our brain, and we still have a great deal to learn. The mechanisms of our brains are very similar to one another, and even to those of some animals. Every day I am more and more amazed when we discover something new about these networks of neurons.”
Guillermina has stated that “among the challenges facing neuroscience, a very large proportion of my laboratory’s work is dedicated to processing sensory information; all this information is captured by the sensory receptors until it reaches our brain, where it is processed. There are many laboratories around the world, but what fascinates us is understanding how they formed from the embryo. How they organised themselves in relation to one another as a prediction of what will happen next. It is endlessly fascinating because those neurons that are forming, positioning themselves and connecting with their counterparts do so without sensory information; this tells us that the brain has a tremendous capacity for self-organisation, and the mechanisms it uses to connect remain a mystery. We are working on studying three aspects: how information is sent from the periphery, reaches the thalamus, and connects its way to the cortex.” “The thalamus,” he continued, “emits signals during its development that cause these neurons to connect.” In other words, they communicate through a sort of symphony, and this is very important because they play a role in plasticity. That is the second point: plasticity is understood as the brain’s capacity to adapt to change, but this capacity is much greater during the early pre- and post-natal stages. Understanding this window and modifying it opens the door to developing tools for the future. And if we want to repair the brain, – he emphasised – or treat neurological disorders, we need to know how it works. It is essential that the public understands that we recognise the despair caused by these conditions, but we are doing everything we can to understand the brain. Conditions such as autism and schizophrenia have their origins in neurodevelopment; something went wrong during those stages.
And the third point concerns the way neurons communicate; there is a pattern to it, and we need to decipher what that pattern is in order to predict the future. In our eagerness to provide answers, we are trying to offer alternative solutions, such as cellular reprogramming. We have been able to convert glial cells and astrocytes into sensory neurons. This is very important because when we lose a sensory function, we need to restore those neurons.”
Guillermina has sent a message to young researchers: “I want to emphasise this point because we really must believe it: Spain is a breeding ground for talent. We have a culture of motivation, hard work and self-improvement, and it’s in our very DNA. This is a message for young researchers: it really is possible; there are tools that can enable us to reach our full potential.
Environmental Protection, New Technologies and Entrepreneur
The 2023 Rei Jaume I Prize for the Environment, Carlota Escutia Dotti, PhD in Marine Sciences, was honoured with this award for her pioneering contributions to our understanding of changing environmental conditions in the Arctic ice sheets, the Southern Ocean and their biota, and their impact on the global climate system. Her research: “We make predictions by looking back in time to prevent climate change. The study is usually carried out using data from instruments. The changes we are currently experiencing – in terms of temperatures and greenhouse gases – mean we are reaching conditions that our planet has not experienced for a very long time. So we are trying to look back in time to see what the past tells us about the variability of Earth’s climate. The Earth has experienced much warmer periods, but it is also true that humans were not around at that time. We must bear in mind that our activities are geared towards a climate system that we have enjoyed up to now, over the last 12,000 years, and that is what has allowed us to develop, through many transformations, whilst increasing our population and using resources at an unsustainable rate. And that is a cause for concern. What we do is look back in time, and there are many climate records from the past that can provide us with information. Tree rings can provide information, particularly regarding droughts, etc. Stalactites do too, and one of the best sources of evidence is the Antarctic ice, which shows that over the last 800,000 years the planet had not experienced such high concentrations of greenhouse gases. The only records are the sediments and rocks from much further back in time, beneath the seabed, and these tend to provide a more continuous, better-preserved record of the planet’s climate history. We’ve been working in Antarctica for over 20 years, and the area is vast. We’re piecing together a jigsaw puzzle, and we’re gradually uncovering the pieces. Of all that work, one particular study is highly significant because it has influenced science policy; it involved going much further back in time—we had to dig deeper into the seabed— and here we go back 55 million years, and we saw that it was an era with greenhouse gas levels of 1,000 parts per million. So Antarctica had palm trees and there wasn’t even any ice, which means that the rest of the planet was practically ‘overheated’. Until now, the Antarctic ice has been very stable, but it is now beginning to melt, and that is what drives us to understand what consequences this will have for ocean circulation. And we have confirmed that the ice is vulnerable to climate change. It is important to know how much sea levels will rise. Take Venice, for example: the more accurate our predictions are, the better we can adjust our projections to mitigate the effects of climate change.
We don’t have a crystal ball, but today, more than ever, we know so much about what might happen to us in the future; we know what’s coming our way. And some of the events that were considered risks five years ago are now happening – we’re experiencing them – and sooner than had been predicted. There are three options: to be sceptical, to be alarmist, or to recognise that whatever we do to reduce greenhouse gases – as individuals, as a society, as businesses, or as governments – however small it may be, will help to slow down global warming. It is a responsibility.
We have an obligation not only to train, but also to educate and promote scientific literacy in order to raise awareness amongst children, but also amongst educators.
The research of Daniel Maspoch Comamala, who holds a PhD in Materials Science from the Autonomous University of Barcelona, focuses on advances in nanotechnology and chemistry for the design and development of porous reticular materials and drug delivery systems for various applications. “My vocation for technology transfer came about by chance. When I returned from the US, we made a discovery in fundamental science and patented it; a company expressed an interest, and we realised the genuine need that companies have for scientists to develop their products. We began working with them. And some of the products we have developed are the result of that.
His tenacity and resilience in developing his business venture, coupled with a tireless pursuit of innovation within the food sector, are some of the values recognised by the jury of the 2023 Entrepreneur Prize for Alfonso Jiménez Rodríguez-Vila. As he explained, “I was an entrepreneur from a very young age – at 18. Starting out by battling against adversity made me do something very different and helped me survive. And over the past 32 years, I’ve always fought against the odds; it’s about surviving whatever came my way, and that applies to research as well. All my life I’ve dedicated myself to making ready meals, which are now very much in vogue. Just as we were at the peak of our success in every respect, a major fire broke out on 20 January 2023. In 45 minutes, I watched 32 years’ worth of dreams go up in smoke. Everything was burnt to the ground, but something very important remained: the people and their ideas. And this year, in just nine months, we’ve rebuilt everything from scratch, ready to grow and triple our current output.
“What concerns us most as business owners is talent – people – and that is what we need to develop the company. But we need people; we have factories, machinery and a market, but it’s the people that matter.”
Everyone, unanimously, has called for us to try to find a recruitment approach that provides stability for our young people, who are only really settling down by the age of 45 – a situation that ultimately disadvantages women, for example. Stability and salaries.
Sponsors
These awards are sponsored by the IberdrolaSpain Foundation for Environmental Protection; Valencia CityCouncil for New Technologies; Air Liquide Healthcare and CaixaBank for Biomedical Research; and Mercadona, Edem and AVE for the Entrepreneur Prize. In addition, organisations such as the Port Authority of Valencia, Boluda Corporación Marítima, the Council of Chambers of the Comunidad Valenciana, the Banco Santander Foundation, Pavasal, RNB, SPB, the Vectalia Group, CEV, the Provincial Council of Valencia, Logifruit, the Torrecid Foundation, BP, Empresas del Sol, the Alicante Provincial Council, the Segura-Balpa Group, as well as receiving institutional backing from the Generalitat Valenciana.
Following the discussion, they visited the CAC’s facilities:
Three round-table discussions examine various aspects of the agri-food sector in the Comunitat Valenciana, with all participants highlighting the lack of a new generation of farmers
The FPRJ and Cajamar have organised “Territorio Agroalimentario”, a conference dedicated to the agri-food system, its vision, new food models and regional implications in the Comunitat Valenciana
The conference dedicated to “Territorio Agroalimentario” took place, with Cajamar’s president, Eduardo Baamonde, opening the session to discuss the system in general and warning “in the face of the disappearance, day by day, of more and more farms”
As a result of the collaboration between the Fundación Valenciana Premios Rei Jaume I and the Cajamar Cooperative Group, this conference took place. Following the address by the president of Cajamar, three panel discussions analysed various agri-food aspects in the Comunitat Valenciana.
Eduardo Baamonde emphasised that the Valencian and Spanish agri-food sectors have significant opportunities that must be seized. “We have a favourable climate, competitive businesses and farmers, and we ensure food security. We must capitalise on all these factors not through short-term management, but through governance that looks to the future and contributes to the creation of value,” he explained.
The president of Cajamar also stated that, given the growth of the world’s population, demand for European agri-food products will rise in the coming years. On this point, he warned that “in the Comunitat Valenciana, the agri-food sector has been managed exceptionally well, although it is true that more and more farms are disappearing every day. There are companies and co-operatives that need to stop and reflect on the long term. Ninety-nine per cent of agri-food businesses are micro-enterprises and SMEs that must balance legal requirements with those arising from climate change, and to do so they will need good strategists.” In this regard, Baamonde pointed out that, whilst the agri-food sector is highly competitive, it must do more to ensure profitability. “Knowledge is the key to profitability. Positioning oneself internationally in the market and promoting digitalisation is now essential for production, marketing and growth,” she concluded.
Three panel discussions rounded off the day’s proceedings. The first focused on the “Agri-food vision for the region in the Valencian Community”, with contributions from the following specialists: Inmaculada Marco, Director-General for Industry and the Agri-food Chain; Juan José Rico, innovation officer at Fedacova, who addressed his sector’s responsibilities—such as preventing food waste—and spoke about generational renewal, consumers, strengthening the role of women within the supply chains, as well as sustainability.
Rico also explained some of the work Fedacova is currently undertaking, such as studies into the microbiome – which could lead to personalised diets for each individual – reducing the use of plastics, food preservation, independence in raw materials, energy efficiency, the recovery of agri-food waste, and retaining talent through training. And, finally, the carbon footprint in the marketing of products. The Fedacova representative also warned against the influx of investment funds, because “decisions will not be made by people from the local community, and this must be reversed; decisions regarding these funds should be taken by the funds themselves, but led by people from the local community”, he urged.
For his part, Eduardo Rojas Briales, Dean of the College of Forestry Engineers, explained the functions of rural areas and stated that the world’s primary biodegradable energy source is forest biomass. Among the challenges, he states that the urban population’s profound disconnection from its rural roots is key to tackling the climate crisis, environmental policy designed in the 1970s to minimise the negative external effects of industrial pollution, the debate over the European law on environmental restoration, and managing excess biomass; he advised “thinning out any excess growth in the woodlands to prevent forest fires.” Among the possible solutions, she proposes reviving extensive agriculture in woodland as a means of fire prevention – for example, reviving vine cultivation in woodland, creating synergies in greenhouses fitted with solar panels, and heat networks using agricultural, forestry or garden biomass.”
Regina Monsalve, an engineer and manager at Natuvera, addressed the issue of entrepreneurs, businesses and cooperatives, and criticised the poor legislation in the Comunitat Valenciana that hinders entrepreneurship. Monsalve explained that, in her view, “the keys to entrepreneurship are: autonomy, being in tune with nature, and asking ourselves whether we want money or quality time”. She also stressed that “we need committed people who are willing to work”, whilst warning of the shortage of farmers due to a lack of generational succession.
At the second round-table, dedicated to “New Food Models”, Vicente Faro, chair of the Valencian Community’s organic farming committee, spoke. He denied any disagreements or conflicts amongst farmers and highlighted the involvement of young people in organic farming, as well as the high proportion of women, “now close to 30 per cent” who are involved in the sector.
Carmen Montoro, deputy director of organic production and quality, explained the new food models: sustainability, quality and tradition, as well as trust, transparency and simplicity.
Enrique Torrente, a member of COIVAL and AERYD, discussed robotisation and digitalisation, stating that “we need technological skills. It is impossible for the most modern technology—the latest-generation drone—to be capable of making decisions in real time or to apply dosages in real time. That is why we must keep emphasising and raising awareness.” Torrente emphasised that “it is normal for big data to take an interest in agriculture, but for agriculture to be ready for big data is unrealistic.” And regarding AI, he warned that “we are losing our sense of humanity. Technology has created unmet expectations that, in agriculture, are unrealistic.
Finally, Miguel Villanueva, marketing director at Hispatec, took the floor to discuss smart management models. For Villanueva, “we must digitise agriculture to make it more sustainable. What cannot be measured cannot be improved. The digital transformation of agriculture aims to systematise data collection as much as possible, enabling us to be more sustainable. This allows us to know the cost per kilo for every plot of every variety, from each package to every destination, in real time: Integration, Intelligence and Impact – the three ‘i’s’ to be achieved.
The third and final panel was devoted to ‘Regional Issues’, featuring Cristóbal Aguado, president of AVA-ASAJA, who expressed concern about new foods that are ‘invented as substitutes’ and stated that ‘intelligence and automation are necessary, but must be done judiciously. Agriculture, with far fewer people, is capable of feeding the world.” Aguado called for “all farmers to understand that they must be affiliated to a farmers’ association to channel their voices in the same direction.” He acknowledged “the streamlined bureaucracy and the way in which new technologies are reaching the countryside”, but expressed deep disillusionment with the EU institutions and the CAP, towards which he had harsh words, as well as with European Commissioner Timmermans, whose actions, he claimed, “will have serious consequences for the Spanish countryside and the Valencian countryside in particular.” Aguado protested “that we have not taken the technological and administrative measures demanded of us and, on top of that, we have received no support from our governments.” Aguado spoke of the very serious problems “in protecting the health of our plants, because they are taking away materials (fertilisers) that they used to allow us to use, whilst at the same time allowing other fruit to come from outside Europe containing the very chemicals they deny to Spanish farmers. “They’re putting us on the ropes,” he said angrily.
The AVA representative called for “strengthening the agricultural sector’s defences” and complained that “we can no longer send clementines with seeds to schools with young children because they’ll end up hating them, and there are a thousand other problems like that.” He also spoke of the lack of a new generation of farmers and the labour shortage, and referred specifically to the current overpopulation of wildlife in the Comunitat Valenciana.
Carles Peris, secretary of the Unió LLauradora, acknowledged that they try to maintain contact with everyone – all political parties and all levels of government – and called for elections in the Valencian countryside. Peris also highlighted issues such as the lack of a new generation of farmers and the decline in agricultural production, concluding: “We are an essential sector, but we do not have food self-sufficiency within the EU, and international factors have destabilised us.”
Finally, Fernando Marco, director of the Cooperativa de Viver in Castellón, spoke about the success of his co-operative as food producers, highlighting the common drivers of change found in any business project, and stated that “companies are not big or small; they are fast or slow”.
The first panel was moderated by Patricia García-Guzmán, manager of ECYS and a patron of the FPRJI; the second by José Manuel Enríquez, manager of Agri-Food and Cooperative Business at Cajamar in the Valencia Regional Office; and the third and final panel was moderated by Elena Picó, secretary of COIAL and deputy director of agricultural structures.
The conference was opened by the Regional Secretary of the Regional Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries, Javier Bartolomé, who spoke in favour of “the 23 quality labels we have, which will be the focus of our continued work”.
On 28 November, the traditional Rei Jaume I Prizes Awards Ceremony will be held at the Lonja de los Mercaderes in Valencia.
The awards ceremony is one of the most significant social events in the Comunitat Valenciana and is held in the city in the presence of a broad cross-section of Valencian civil and political society. This ceremony will form part of an extensive programme of events in which the prize-winners will take part to help revitalise these awards, which are unique in Spain due, amongst other distinctive features, to their juries comprising more than twenty Nobel Laureates.
If you would like more information about the awards week, including the events, dates and key moments:
> Antonio Echavarren Pablos, in the Basic Research category
> Olympia Bover Hidiroglu, in Economics
> Guillermina López-Bendito, in Biomedical Research
> Carlota Escutia Dotti, in Environmental Protection
> Daniel Maspoch Comamala, in New Technologies
> Alfonso Jiménez Rodríguez-Vila, in the Entrepreneur Prize
The holding of this Rei Jaume I Prize Awards Ceremony provides yet another opportunity to raise the profile of and reinforce support for science, research and entrepreneurship in Spain, even more so at times of particular economic and social sensitivity or political uncertainty.
The plenary session of the High Advisory Council (HAC) met with the President of the Generalitat Valenciana, Carlos Mazón, at the Palau de la Generalitat.
This first meeting served as an introduction of the HAC to the new government, and the Regional Minister for Innovation, Industry, Trade and Tourism, Nuria Montes, also outlined the new innovation priorities.
The event was also used as an opportunity to welcome the new members of the HAC, who were honoured with the Rei Jaume I Prizes. This year, the 2022 winners – J.M. Sanz, Marta Reynal, Ángela Pérez, Antonio de Lacy and Emilio Chuvieco – have joined the ACC.
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